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Global warming means that the average temperature of the earth's atmsophere is rising. Since its creation, the earth has withnessed eras of cooling and warming for reasons such as distance to the sun, volcanic activities and meteor crashes.

Volcanic explosions and meteor impacts induce sudden changes in the atmosphere, causing rapid warming of the earth. Global warming does not happen in the same way everywhere in the planet. Some places get warmer and have reduced rainfall, while others experience increased precipitation. The ancient civilizations in Mesopotomaia collapsed when the generous rainfall that once originated from the Atlantic Ocean ceased.

The freshwater trapped in glaciers melts during warming epochs and raises the sea level. In the Last Ice Age 10.000 years ago, the sea level was about 130 meters lower than what it is now. Scintiest in the 1970s started to put forward proposals that a new era of global warming had begun due to the effect of the greenhouse gases that had been released into the atmosphere for the last hundred years.